The Influence of Social Comparison on Psychological Distress Among Users Who Engage in Sarcasm on Social Media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku4490Keywords:
Social Comparison, Psychological Distress, Sarcasm, Social Media.Abstract
Social media users are increasingly vulnerable to engaging in social comparison with others, a behavior that may contribute significantly to the emergence of psychological distress. In managing the negative emotions that arise from such comparisons, individuals often resort to sarcasm as a coping strategy. This study aims to examine the influence of social comparison on psychological distress among individuals who exhibit sarcastic behavior on social media, with the expectation that the findings will provide valuable insights into this phenomenon. Utilizing a quantitative research method, the study involved 150 respondents aged 18–40 who engage in sarcastic behavior online. The results revealed a statistically significant effect, with a p-value of < 0.001 and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.192, indicating that the social comparison variable accounts for 19.2% of the variance in psychological distress. The remaining variance is attributable to other factors not examined in this study. These findings indicate a significant relationship between social comparison and psychological distress among sarcastic social media users. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of educational initiatives to raise awareness about the negative psychological impacts of social comparison in digital environments and underscore the need to foster more adaptive coping strategies to mitigate these risks.
References
References
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Ahmad, R., Hassan, S., Ghazali, N. N., & Al-Mashadani, A. R. F. S. (2024). The Insta-Comparison Game: The Relationship Between Social Media Use, Social Comparison, and Depression. Procedia Computer Science, 234. 105-1060.
Aulia, S., Anastasias, Z., Hermansyah, S. & Murdiana, V. (2024). Persepsi Interpersonal Yang Terjadi Akibat Media Sosial di Era Digital. Jurnal Motivasi Pendidikan dan Bahasa, 2(1). 200-209.
Auliannisa, S., & Hatta, M. I. (2021). Hubungan Social Comparison dengan Gejala Depresi pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Instagram. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 1(2). 147-153.
Arshuha, F. & Amalia, I. (2019). Pengaruh Perbandingan Sosial dan Perfeksionisme Terhadap Body Dissatisfaction Mahasiswi Pengguna Instagram. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi: Kajian Empiris & Non-Empiris, 5(2). 75-92
Aslamiyah, F., Santi, D. E. & Ananta, A. (2024). Kecemasan Sosial Dewasa Awal: Adakah Peran Kecenderungan Kecanduan Media Sosial dan Body Dissatisfaction?. Jiwa: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(1). 244-252.
Belay, A. S., Guangul, M. M., Asmare, W. N., & Mesafint, G. (2021). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Psychological Distress among Nurses in Public Hospitals, Southwest, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Ethiop J Health Sci, 31(6). 1247-1256.
Buabbas, A. J., Hasan, H., & Buabbas, M. A. (2021). The Associations Between Smart Device Use and Psychological Distress among Secondary and High School Students in Kuwait. PLOS ONE, 16(6).
Caliskan, F., Idug, Y., Uvet, H., Gligor, N., & Kayaalp, A. (2024). Social Comparison theory: A Review and Future Directions. Psychology & Marketing, 41(11). 2823-2840.
Dharma, G. M., Yuliadi, I. & Setyowati, R. (2020). Hubungan antara Adversity Quotient dengan Distres Psikologis pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Philanthrophy Journal of Psychology, 4(2). 172-191.
Dini, M. P., Fitryasari, R., & Asmoro, C. P. (2020). Analisis Hubungan Antara Self Efficacy dan Beban Kerja Akademik dengan Stres Mahasiswa Profesi Ners: Studi Literatur. Psychiatry Nursing Journal, 2(2). 78-92.
Dionigi, A., Duradoni, M., & Vagnoli, L. (2021). Humor and Anxiety: The Relationship Between the Comic Styles, Worry and Generan Well-Being. Personality and Individual Differences, 181.
Dwaikat, T. N. A., Aldalaykeh, M., Ta’an, W., & Rababa, M. (2020). The Relationship Between Social Networking Sites Usage and Psychological Distress among Undergraduate Students during COVID-19 Lockdown. Heliyon, 6(12).
Fananni, M. R. (2021). Hubungan Antara Strategi Coping Terhadap Psychological Distress pada Family Caregive Kanker. Prosiding Seminar Nasional (UNIMUS), 4. 1600-1612.
Festinger, L. (1954). A Theory of Social Comparison Processes. Human Relations, 7(2). 117-140.
Firdaus, A. P. R. C., Reza, R. D. P., Salsabila, M. N., & Dewani, Y. R. (2023). Mengenal Social Comparison pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Media Sosial. Jurnal Psimawa, 6(1). 51-58.
Garcia, S. M., Tor, A., & Schiff, T. M. (2013). The Psychology of Competition: A Social Comparison Perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(6), 634-650.
Gibbons, F. X., & Buunk, B. P. (1999). Individual Differences in Social Comparison: Development of a Scale of Social Comparison Orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(1). 129-142.
Gunawan, I. A. N., Suryani., & Shalahuddin, I. (2022). Dampak Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Gangguan Psikososial Pada Remaja: A Narrative Review. Jurnal Kesehatan, 15(1). 78-92.
Guyer, J. J. & Johnston, T. I. V. (2018). Upward and Downward Social Comparisons: A Brief Historical Overview. Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer. 1-6.
Hair, J. F., Black., W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis 7th Edition. Amerika: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Howe, S. (2024). Social Media Statistics for Indonesia. Diakses pada tanggal 25 Agustus 2024.
Hu, Y., Cui, G., Jiang, L., & Lan, X. (2024). Downward Social Comparison Positively Promotes Altruism: The Multi-Mediating Roles of Belief in A Just World and General Life Satisfaction. Front. Psychol., 15. 1-10.
Hurlock, E. B. (2011). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan 5th Ed. Diterjemahkan oleh Istiwidayati, Soedjarwo. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Ivanko, S. L., Pexman, P. M., Olineck, K. M. (2004). How Sarcastic Are You? Individual Differences and Verbal Irony. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 23(3). 244-271.
Jiang, S., & Ngien, A. (2020). The Effects of Instagram Use, Social Comparison, and Self-Esteem on Social Anxiety: A Survey Study in Singapore. Social Media + Society, 6(2). 1-10.
Jones, D, C. (2001). Social Comparison and Body Image: Attractiveness Comparisons to Models and Peers among Adolescent Girls and Boys. Sex Roles, 45. 645-664.
Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. J., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L. T., Walters, E. E. & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short Screening Scales to Monitor Population Prevalences and Trends in Non-Spesific Psychological Distress. Psychol Med, 32(6). 956-976.
Krisnadi, B. & Adhandayani, A. (2022). Kecanduan Media Sosial Pada Dewasa Awal: Apakah Dampak dari Kesepian?. JCA of Psychology, 3(1). 47-55.
Maharani, W. (2021). Gambaran Tingkar Psychological Distress Mahasiswa dan Hubungannya dengan Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Konseling Mahasiswa. Muqoddima: Jurnal Pemikiran Riset Sosiologi, 2(2). 139-158.
Maritsa, A., Salsabila, U. H., Wafiq, M., Anindya, P. R., & Ma’shum, M. A. (2021). Pengaruh Teknologi dalam Dunia Pendidikan. Al-Mutharahah: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 18(2). 91-100.
McCarthy, P. A., & Morina, N. (2020). Exploring the Association of Social Comparison with Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother, 27(5). 640-671.
Mirowsky, J. & Ross, C. E. (2002). Measurement for a Human Science. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2). 152-170.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A. & Greene, B. (2014). Abnormal Psychology In A Changing World. London: Pearson Education
Nielsen, J., Görtz, S., Aschermann, E., Saliger, J., Hennecken, E., Eschweiler, M., Karbe, H., Kalbe, E., & Folkerts, A. K. (2024). Exploring Humor as A Coping Factor Against Depressive Mood and Fear of Progression in People with Multiple Scleroses with Moderate Disability: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of A Rehabilitation Cohort. Mult Scler Relat Disord, 91. 105906.
Okano, H., & Nomura, M. (2023). Examining Social Anxiety and Dual Aspects of Social Comparison Orientation: The Moderating Role of Self-Evaluation of Social Skills. Front. Psychol, 14. 1-8.
Pamungkas, E. W., Basile, V., & Patti, V. (2020). Do You Really Want to Hurt Me? Predicting Abusive Swearing in Social Media. Proceedings of the Twelfth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. 6237-6246.
Puspitasari, R. & Aprileny, I. (2020). Pengaruh Kemudahan Penggunaan Aplikasi, Kualitas Pelayanan, dan Promosi Terhadap Minat Beli Ulang (Studi Konsumen Pelanggan Aplikasi Grab di PT. Sido Muncul Kebon Jeruk). Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia. (15).
Riehm, K. E., Holingue, C., Kalb, L. G., Bennett, D., Kapteyn, A., Jiang, Q., Veldhuis, C. B., Johnson, R. M., Fallin, M. D., Kreuter, F., Stuart, E. A., & Thrul, J. (2020). Associations Between Media Exposure and Mental Distress among U.S. Adults at The Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 59(5). 630-638.
Rini, D. Y., Aji, A. S., Paratmanitya, Y., & Kusmayanti, N. A. (2022). Penggunaan Media Sosial sebagai Intervensi Gizi Terhadap Body Image: Systematic Literature Review. Menara Jurnal Health of Science, 1(1). 20-32.
Sagita, D. D., Fairuz, S. U. N. & Aisyah, S. (2021). Perbedaan Stres Akademik Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin. JURKAM: Jurnal Konseling Andi Matappa, 5(1). 9-16.
Samra, A., & Dryer, R. (2024). Problematic Social Media Use and Psychological Distress in Pregnancy: The Mediating Role of Social Comparisons and Body Dissatisfaction. Journal of Affective Disorders, 361. 702-711.
Samra, A., Warburton, W. A., & Collins, A. M. (2022). Social Comparisons: A Potential Mechanism Linking Problematic Social Media Use with Depression. J Behav Addict, 11(2). 607-614.
Schaefer, L. M. & Thompson, J. L. (2014). The Development of Validation of The Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised. Eating Behaviors, 15(2). 209-217.
Shafira, N., & Nasution, F. Z. (2022). Peran Stres Kerja Positif (Eustress) Terhadap Stres Kerja Pada Karyawan. Jurnal Psikologi Prima, 5(2). 60-67.
Shintia, S., & Maharani, W. (2021). Kemampuan Resiliensi Individu dalam Menghadapi Psychological Distress Siswa-Siswi SMA Jakarta di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia, 1(1). 45-54.
Shiraly, R., Roshanfekr, A., Asadollahi, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2024). Psychological Distress, Social Media Use, and Academic Performance of Medical Students: The Mediating Role of Coping Style. BMC Med Educ, 24(999).
Sinaga, M., Mustika, T. P., & Tamam, M. B. (2023). Fungsi Sarkasme dalam Bentuk Umpatan pada Tuturan Masyarakat Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Journal on Education, 5(4). 14813-14823.
Sitompul, A. R. (2021). Pengaruh Psychological Distress terhadap Personal Growth Initiative Pada Dewasa Awal dengan Riwayat Mengalami Kekerasan Anak. Skripsi. Malang: Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
Sofyan, R. A. & Arfian, A. (2023). Analisa Media Sosial Sebagai Sarana Penyebaran Informasi dan Promosi dengan Metode Topsis. Jurnal PROSISKO,10(1). 56-62. https://doi.org/10.30656/prosisko.v10i1.5577.
Swari, N. K. E. P., & Tobing, D. H. (2024). Dampak Perbandingan Sosial Pada Pengguna Media Sosial: Sebuah Kajian Literatur. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(7). 853-863.
Tedjawidjaja, D., & Christanti, D. (2022). Effect of Social Comparison in Social Media on Psychological Distress in Adolescents: Role of emotion Regulation as Moderator. Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology, 11(4). 936-954.
Tran, D., T., Kaligis, F., Wguna, T., Willenberg, L., Nguyen, H. T. M., Luchters, S., Azzopardi, P., & Fisher, J. (2019). Screening for Depressive and Anxiety Disorders among Adolescents in Indonesia: Formal Validation of The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revise and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246. 189-194.
Veit, C. T., & Ware, J. E. (1983). The Structure of Psychological Distress and Well-Being in General Populations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(5). 730-742.
Wardani, O. P., Arsanti, M., Setiana, L. S., Azizah, A. & Turahmat. (2021). Internalisasi Nilai Islam dalam Berpendapat di Media Sosial Mahasiswa PBSI UNISSULA. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia, 9(2). 95-100.
Widyawati, R. A. (2020). Pengaruh Paparan Media Sosial terhadap Perilaku Self-Harm pada Pengguna Media Sosial Emerging Adulthood. Thesis. Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga.
Xu, L., & Li, L. (2024). Upward Social comparison and Social Anxiety among Chinese College Students: A Chain-Mediation Model of Relative Deprivation and Rumination. Front. Psychol, 15. 1-9.
Afriana, E., & Virgonita, M. (2024). Pengaruh Social Comparison terhadap Psychological Well Being pada Dewasa Muda Pengguna Aktif Instagram. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(2). 36667-36673.
Ahmad, R., Hassan, S., Ghazali, N. N., & Al-Mashadani, A. R. F. S. (2024). The Insta-Comparison Game: The Relationship Between Social Media Use, Social Comparison, and Depression. Procedia Computer Science, 234. 105-1060.
Aulia, S., Anastasias, Z., Hermansyah, S. & Murdiana, V. (2024). Persepsi Interpersonal Yang Terjadi Akibat Media Sosial di Era Digital. Jurnal Motivasi Pendidikan dan Bahasa, 2(1). 200-209.
Auliannisa, S., & Hatta, M. I. (2021). Hubungan Social Comparison dengan Gejala Depresi pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Instagram. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 1(2). 147-153.
Arshuha, F. & Amalia, I. (2019). Pengaruh Perbandingan Sosial dan Perfeksionisme Terhadap Body Dissatisfaction Mahasiswi Pengguna Instagram. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi: Kajian Empiris & Non-Empiris, 5(2). 75-92
Aslamiyah, F., Santi, D. E. & Ananta, A. (2024). Kecemasan Sosial Dewasa Awal: Adakah Peran Kecenderungan Kecanduan Media Sosial dan Body Dissatisfaction?. Jiwa: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(1). 244-252.
Belay, A. S., Guangul, M. M., Asmare, W. N., & Mesafint, G. (2021). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Psychological Distress among Nurses in Public Hospitals, Southwest, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Ethiop J Health Sci, 31(6). 1247-1256.
Buabbas, A. J., Hasan, H., & Buabbas, M. A. (2021). The Associations Between Smart Device Use and Psychological Distress among Secondary and High School Students in Kuwait. PLOS ONE, 16(6).
Caliskan, F., Idug, Y., Uvet, H., Gligor, N., & Kayaalp, A. (2024). Social Comparison theory: A Review and Future Directions. Psychology & Marketing, 41(11). 2823-2840.
Dharma, G. M., Yuliadi, I. & Setyowati, R. (2020). Hubungan antara Adversity Quotient dengan Distres Psikologis pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Philanthrophy Journal of Psychology, 4(2). 172-191.
Dini, M. P., Fitryasari, R., & Asmoro, C. P. (2020). Analisis Hubungan Antara Self Efficacy dan Beban Kerja Akademik dengan Stres Mahasiswa Profesi Ners: Studi Literatur. Psychiatry Nursing Journal, 2(2). 78-92.
Dionigi, A., Duradoni, M., & Vagnoli, L. (2021). Humor and Anxiety: The Relationship Between the Comic Styles, Worry and Generan Well-Being. Personality and Individual Differences, 181.
Dwaikat, T. N. A., Aldalaykeh, M., Ta’an, W., & Rababa, M. (2020). The Relationship Between Social Networking Sites Usage and Psychological Distress among Undergraduate Students during COVID-19 Lockdown. Heliyon, 6(12).
Fananni, M. R. (2021). Hubungan Antara Strategi Coping Terhadap Psychological Distress pada Family Caregive Kanker. Prosiding Seminar Nasional (UNIMUS), 4. 1600-1612.
Festinger, L. (1954). A Theory of Social Comparison Processes. Human Relations, 7(2). 117-140.
Firdaus, A. P. R. C., Reza, R. D. P., Salsabila, M. N., & Dewani, Y. R. (2023). Mengenal Social Comparison pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Media Sosial. Jurnal Psimawa, 6(1). 51-58.
Garcia, S. M., Tor, A., & Schiff, T. M. (2013). The Psychology of Competition: A Social Comparison Perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(6), 634-650.
Gibbons, F. X., & Buunk, B. P. (1999). Individual Differences in Social Comparison: Development of a Scale of Social Comparison Orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(1). 129-142.
Gunawan, I. A. N., Suryani., & Shalahuddin, I. (2022). Dampak Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Gangguan Psikososial Pada Remaja: A Narrative Review. Jurnal Kesehatan, 15(1). 78-92.
Guyer, J. J. & Johnston, T. I. V. (2018). Upward and Downward Social Comparisons: A Brief Historical Overview. Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer. 1-6.
Hair, J. F., Black., W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis 7th Edition. Amerika: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Howe, S. (2024). Social Media Statistics for Indonesia. Diakses pada tanggal 25 Agustus 2024.
Hu, Y., Cui, G., Jiang, L., & Lan, X. (2024). Downward Social Comparison Positively Promotes Altruism: The Multi-Mediating Roles of Belief in A Just World and General Life Satisfaction. Front. Psychol., 15. 1-10.
Hurlock, E. B. (2011). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan 5th Ed. Diterjemahkan oleh Istiwidayati, Soedjarwo. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Ivanko, S. L., Pexman, P. M., Olineck, K. M. (2004). How Sarcastic Are You? Individual Differences and Verbal Irony. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 23(3). 244-271.
Jiang, S., & Ngien, A. (2020). The Effects of Instagram Use, Social Comparison, and Self-Esteem on Social Anxiety: A Survey Study in Singapore. Social Media + Society, 6(2). 1-10.
Jones, D, C. (2001). Social Comparison and Body Image: Attractiveness Comparisons to Models and Peers among Adolescent Girls and Boys. Sex Roles, 45. 645-664.
Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. J., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L. T., Walters, E. E. & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short Screening Scales to Monitor Population Prevalences and Trends in Non-Spesific Psychological Distress. Psychol Med, 32(6). 956-976.
Krisnadi, B. & Adhandayani, A. (2022). Kecanduan Media Sosial Pada Dewasa Awal: Apakah Dampak dari Kesepian?. JCA of Psychology, 3(1). 47-55.
Maharani, W. (2021). Gambaran Tingkar Psychological Distress Mahasiswa dan Hubungannya dengan Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Konseling Mahasiswa. Muqoddima: Jurnal Pemikiran Riset Sosiologi, 2(2). 139-158.
Maritsa, A., Salsabila, U. H., Wafiq, M., Anindya, P. R., & Ma’shum, M. A. (2021). Pengaruh Teknologi dalam Dunia Pendidikan. Al-Mutharahah: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 18(2). 91-100.
McCarthy, P. A., & Morina, N. (2020). Exploring the Association of Social Comparison with Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother, 27(5). 640-671.
Mirowsky, J. & Ross, C. E. (2002). Measurement for a Human Science. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2). 152-170.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A. & Greene, B. (2014). Abnormal Psychology In A Changing World. London: Pearson Education
Nielsen, J., Görtz, S., Aschermann, E., Saliger, J., Hennecken, E., Eschweiler, M., Karbe, H., Kalbe, E., & Folkerts, A. K. (2024). Exploring Humor as A Coping Factor Against Depressive Mood and Fear of Progression in People with Multiple Scleroses with Moderate Disability: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of A Rehabilitation Cohort. Mult Scler Relat Disord, 91. 105906.
Okano, H., & Nomura, M. (2023). Examining Social Anxiety and Dual Aspects of Social Comparison Orientation: The Moderating Role of Self-Evaluation of Social Skills. Front. Psychol, 14. 1-8.
Pamungkas, E. W., Basile, V., & Patti, V. (2020). Do You Really Want to Hurt Me? Predicting Abusive Swearing in Social Media. Proceedings of the Twelfth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. 6237-6246.
Puspitasari, R. & Aprileny, I. (2020). Pengaruh Kemudahan Penggunaan Aplikasi, Kualitas Pelayanan, dan Promosi Terhadap Minat Beli Ulang (Studi Konsumen Pelanggan Aplikasi Grab di PT. Sido Muncul Kebon Jeruk). Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia. (15).
Riehm, K. E., Holingue, C., Kalb, L. G., Bennett, D., Kapteyn, A., Jiang, Q., Veldhuis, C. B., Johnson, R. M., Fallin, M. D., Kreuter, F., Stuart, E. A., & Thrul, J. (2020). Associations Between Media Exposure and Mental Distress among U.S. Adults at The Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 59(5). 630-638.
Rini, D. Y., Aji, A. S., Paratmanitya, Y., & Kusmayanti, N. A. (2022). Penggunaan Media Sosial sebagai Intervensi Gizi Terhadap Body Image: Systematic Literature Review. Menara Jurnal Health of Science, 1(1). 20-32.
Sagita, D. D., Fairuz, S. U. N. & Aisyah, S. (2021). Perbedaan Stres Akademik Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin. JURKAM: Jurnal Konseling Andi Matappa, 5(1). 9-16.
Samra, A., & Dryer, R. (2024). Problematic Social Media Use and Psychological Distress in Pregnancy: The Mediating Role of Social Comparisons and Body Dissatisfaction. Journal of Affective Disorders, 361. 702-711.
Samra, A., Warburton, W. A., & Collins, A. M. (2022). Social Comparisons: A Potential Mechanism Linking Problematic Social Media Use with Depression. J Behav Addict, 11(2). 607-614.
Schaefer, L. M. & Thompson, J. L. (2014). The Development of Validation of The Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised. Eating Behaviors, 15(2). 209-217.
Shafira, N., & Nasution, F. Z. (2022). Peran Stres Kerja Positif (Eustress) Terhadap Stres Kerja Pada Karyawan. Jurnal Psikologi Prima, 5(2). 60-67.
Shintia, S., & Maharani, W. (2021). Kemampuan Resiliensi Individu dalam Menghadapi Psychological Distress Siswa-Siswi SMA Jakarta di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia, 1(1). 45-54.
Shiraly, R., Roshanfekr, A., Asadollahi, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2024). Psychological Distress, Social Media Use, and Academic Performance of Medical Students: The Mediating Role of Coping Style. BMC Med Educ, 24(999).
Sinaga, M., Mustika, T. P., & Tamam, M. B. (2023). Fungsi Sarkasme dalam Bentuk Umpatan pada Tuturan Masyarakat Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Journal on Education, 5(4). 14813-14823.
Sitompul, A. R. (2021). Pengaruh Psychological Distress terhadap Personal Growth Initiative Pada Dewasa Awal dengan Riwayat Mengalami Kekerasan Anak. Skripsi. Malang: Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
Sofyan, R. A. & Arfian, A. (2023). Analisa Media Sosial Sebagai Sarana Penyebaran Informasi dan Promosi dengan Metode Topsis. Jurnal PROSISKO,10(1). 56-62. https://doi.org/10.30656/prosisko.v10i1.5577.
Swari, N. K. E. P., & Tobing, D. H. (2024). Dampak Perbandingan Sosial Pada Pengguna Media Sosial: Sebuah Kajian Literatur. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(7). 853-863.
Tedjawidjaja, D., & Christanti, D. (2022). Effect of Social Comparison in Social Media on Psychological Distress in Adolescents: Role of emotion Regulation as Moderator. Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology, 11(4). 936-954.
Tran, D., T., Kaligis, F., Wguna, T., Willenberg, L., Nguyen, H. T. M., Luchters, S., Azzopardi, P., & Fisher, J. (2019). Screening for Depressive and Anxiety Disorders among Adolescents in Indonesia: Formal Validation of The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revise and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246. 189-194.
Veit, C. T., & Ware, J. E. (1983). The Structure of Psychological Distress and Well-Being in General Populations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(5). 730-742.
Wardani, O. P., Arsanti, M., Setiana, L. S., Azizah, A. & Turahmat. (2021). Internalisasi Nilai Islam dalam Berpendapat di Media Sosial Mahasiswa PBSI UNISSULA. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia, 9(2). 95-100.
Widyawati, R. A. (2020). Pengaruh Paparan Media Sosial terhadap Perilaku Self-Harm pada Pengguna Media Sosial Emerging Adulthood. Thesis. Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga.
Xu, L., & Li, L. (2024). Upward Social comparison and Social Anxiety among Chinese College Students: A Chain-Mediation Model of Relative Deprivation and Rumination. Front. Psychol, 15. 1-9.
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2025-12-19
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Nurdin, M. N. H., Mangarengi, Y. N., & Perdana Kusuma. (2025). The Influence of Social Comparison on Psychological Distress Among Users Who Engage in Sarcasm on Social Media. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 5(6), 762–770. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku4490
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Nur Hidayat Nurdin, Yusfitri Nursyahwalni Mangarengi, Perdana Kusuma
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